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Ready for college? Are you sure? Meningitis vaccination recommended before students head to college


Rick Charmoli | Cadillac News
2007 Cadillac High School graduate Ryan Bilyea gets vaccinated for Meningitis at Cadillac Family Physicians recently as part of his preparations for college. Meningitis is a rare illness that can be deadly if contracted.


The summer after high school graduation is a busy one, yet there are other things to keep in mind. Especially if the graduate is headed off to a college or university in the fall.

In fact, one thing could potentially save their lives.

Although cases of Meningitis are relatively small, local health care officials, as well as doctors, believe getting the vaccination is a wise decision before heading off to college.

Ryan Bilyea is ready for college.

The 2007 Cadillac High School graduate is heading to Central Michigan University in the fall. He also plans on studying accounting while in Mount Pleasant but nothing is set in stone.

Although he knows the adjustment from being a high school student to college student will be a tough one, one thing he didn’t know much about was Meningitis.

“I know it can be deadly but that’s all I know,” Bilyea said.

Although he doesn’t know much about the infection of the fluid of a person’s spinal cord or brain, he and his parents knew enough that he should get inoculated against it prior to going to CMU.

Recently, Bilyea went to get his college physical at Cadillac Family Physicians. During the physical, Dr. Christiane M. Sanburn did a normal physical check but also made sure Bilyea was up to date with all his immunizations, including one against Meningitis.

“It is important to know that the vaccine protects against the most common forms of Meningitis but not all forms,” Sanburn said. “Although it protects most forms it is still good to know the symptoms of Meningitis. Fever, headache, neck pain, malaise or fatigue and some people get a skin rash. Nausea and vomiting also could be signs.”

Like her son, Amy Bilyea did not know much about the infection but she is no stranger to the vaccine. She has an older son already in college and a 12-year-old daughter and both have received the vaccine to protect them against Meningitis. Although she knows it can be deadly, she said Meningitis was not high on her list of concerns when her son moves this fall.

“Other than not getting enough sleep or rest and not eating properly and the communicable illnesses like a cold, I don’t have any concerns,” she said.

For James Wilson, it only makes sense for someone going to college to get the vaccine for Meningitis. It is even more important if that student will be living in the dorms.

“It does not happen very often that someone gets Meningitis but when it does it is very tragic. Anybody can get it but the way they get it is 5 to 10 percent carry the bacteria in their nasal passage,” the District Health Department No. 10 medical director said.

“A very small percentage, about 1 percent, is at risk of it becoming a very serious illness. Children and young adult are at risk because they are packed together at schools, dorms or military camps.”

With his physical done, Bilyea said he just wants to enjoy the summer before classes start and he also he is excited about the opportunities college and CMU present.

“I’m just excited to start a new chapter in my and to meet new people and have fun,” he said.

Your local connection

What is meningitis?

  • Meningitis is an infection of the fluid of a person’s spinal cord and the fluid that surrounds the brain. People sometimes refer to it as spinal meningitis.

  • Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Knowing whether meningitis is caused by a virus or bacterium is important because the severity of illness and the treatment differ.

  • Viral meningitis is generally less severe and resolves without specific treatment, while bacterial meningitis can be quite severe and may result in brain damage, hearing loss, or learning disability. For bacterial meningitis, it is also important to know which type of bacteria is causing the meningitis because antibiotics can prevent some types from spreading and infecting other people.

  • Before the 1990s, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, but new vaccines being given to all children as part of their routine immunizations have reduced the occurrence of invasive disease due to H. influenzae. Today, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are the leading causes of bacterial meningitis.

    What are the signs and symptoms of meningitis?

  • High fever, headache, and stiff neck are common symptoms of meningitis in anyone over the age of 2 years. These symptoms can develop over several hours, or they may take 1 to 2 days.

  • Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, discomfort looking into bright lights, confusion, and sleepiness.

  • In newborns and small infants, the classic symptoms of fever, headache, and neck stiffness may be absent or difficult to detect, and the infant may only appear slow or inactive, or be irritable, have vomiting, or be feeding poorly. As the disease progresses, patients of any age may have seizures.

    Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    How is meningitis diagnosed?

  • Early diagnosis and treatment are very important. If symptoms occur, the patient should see a doctor immediately.

  • The diagnosis is usually made by growing bacteria from a sample of spinal fluid.

  • The spinal fluid is obtained by performing a spinal tap, in which a needle is inserted into an area in the lower back where fluid in the spinal canal is readily accessible.

  • Identification of the type of bacteria responsible is important for selection of correct antibiotics.

    Can meningitis be treated?

  • Bacterial meningitis can be treated with a number of effective antibiotics.

  • It is important, however, that treatment be started early in the course of the disease.

  • Appropriate antibiotic treatment of most common types of bacterial meningitis should reduce the risk of dying from meningitis to below 15 percent, although the risk is higher among the elderly.

    Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    About the vaccine

  • Two meningococcal vaccines are available in the United States including the Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4) has been available since the 1970s and Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) was licensed in 2005.

  • Both vaccines can prevent 4 types of meningococcal disease, including 2 of the 3 types most common in the United States and a type that causes epidemics in Africa.

  • Meningococcal vaccines cannot prevent all types of the disease. But they do protect many people who might become sick if they didn’t get the vaccine.

  • Both vaccines work well, and protect about 90 percent of those who get it. MCV4 is expected to give better, longer-lasting protection. MCV4 should also be better at preventing the disease from spreading from person to person.

    Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    rcharmoli@cadillacnews.com | 775-NEWS (6397)

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